Gallstones

Gallstones are also known as cholelithiasis. Fragments of solid, stone-like particles accumulate in the bile duct or gallbladder, causing gall bladder stones. These gallstones, which are typically composed of cholesterol or bilirubin (a red-yellow pigment), can cause an abrupt, excruciating discomfort in the belly. Some people may experience the development of a single, massive gallstone, while others may experience the development of multiple, smaller gallstones. Symptoms may include pain in the right upper belly, pain in the right shoulder or back, an upset stomach, vomiting, and other digestive problems like indigestion, heartburn, and gas. The tests used to diagnose gallstones include blood tests and ultrasound imaging of the abdomen. Small gallstones are not even detectable and do not show any signs. However, large stones cause unbearable pain and require surgery to remove the stone.